Exam guide · Entrance Exams

IELTS, TOEFL and PTE: English Tests for Study Abroad

Most universities abroad ask international students to prove their English ability. IELTS, TOEFL and PTE are the most widely used tests. Each is accepted differently by universities and immigration authorities, so choose based on where you are applying.

3 min read · Last reviewed 26 September 2026

Skills tested
Listening, reading, writing, speaking
IELTS
Band scores; widely accepted, including for many visa purposes
TOEFL iBT
Common for US universities
PTE Academic
Computer-based with AI scoring; accepted by many universities and some visa systems

About the exam

All three tests assess the four language skills but differ in format, scoring and speaking-test style. Some universities also accept other tests, such as the Duolingo English Test, or waive requirements for certain applicants. See Study in the USA: A Guide for Indian Students, Study in the UK: A Guide for Indian Students and Study in Canada: A Guide for Indian Students.

Who takes this exam

  • Students applying to universities in English-speaking countries
  • Professionals such as nurses applying for registration abroad

Eligibility (general)

  • Open to all; no educational requirement
  • A valid passport is usually required

Exam pattern

FeatureIELTSTOEFL iBTPTE Academic
FormatPaper or computer; speaking with an examinerComputer-basedComputer-based
ScoringBands 0–9Score out of 120Score on a 10–90 scale
Commonly required byUK, Australia, Canada, many othersUS universities and many othersAustralia and many universities worldwide
ResultsWithin days to about two weeksWithin daysUsually within days
Exam patterns, marking schemes and dates are revised from time to time. Treat this as a general guide and confirm every detail in the current official information bulletin from the organisation running each test.

Syllabus overview

There is no syllabus; tests assess academic English. Practising with official material is the best preparation.

Want help applying this to your own situation? Explore Study Abroad Guidance on the Career Captain website.

Courses and institutions it leads to

Universities, immigration authorities and professional bodies in many countries.

How the process usually works

  1. Check requirementsConfirm which test and minimum scores your universities and visa require.
  2. Book a dateLeave time for a retake.
  3. Send scoresShare results with institutions.

How to prepare

  1. Take a practice testFind your weakest skill.
  2. Practise writing and speakingOften the hardest to improve quickly.
  3. Use official materialsThey match the real format.

After the result

Scores are usually valid for two years; plan applications within that period.

Common mistakes to avoid

  • Booking a test without checking which one universities accept
  • Taking the test too close to deadlines
  • Ignoring visa-specific test requirements

Alternatives and backup options

  • Duolingo English Test (accepted by some universities)
  • English-medium education waivers where offered

Frequently asked questions

Which is easiest?

Different students find different formats easier. Choose based on acceptance first, then format preference.

Is IELTS needed for the UK student visa?

Requirements depend on the university and visa rules; check current guidance.

Published by Career Captain Global Solutions. This page is general guidance; see the disclaimer below. Spotted something out of date? Let us know.